After ensuring that the plants have dried, a tractor pulling a baler arranges the hay into bales that weigh from 100 to 2800 lbs. ... Table 1 — Dry matter yields, in tons dry matter per acre, of timothy seeded at three locations. Email Steve FransenemailProtector.addCloakedMailto("ep_58d6b54a", 1);. Very little work has been done to determine optimum nitrogen rates for this important commodity in the U.S.; however, some work has been done in Canada. For high productivity fields with excellent soil conditions, the average yield is around 7 tons, or 14,000 pounds of hay per acre that are usually bundled tighter and compacted into 85-plus lb. (50 to 1300 kg). For both the chlorophyll and tissue testing, we used the newest-formed leaf that had a visible collar. 0000002089 00000 n Alfalfa gross per acre this year= $1250. Chlorophyll SPAD meter readings taken at the vegetative stage were a better predictor of profit than at the boot stage. The profit calculation was based on a timothy hay price of $225 per ton and $0.50 per pound of actual nitrogen price for urea with a urease inhibitor. Hay Production Management Alternatives Alfalfa-grass seeded with an oat companion crop--Many alfalfa and grass-legume hay meadows are seeded in early spring with an oat companion crop. Forage Realistic Yield Potential Crops Yield Units Realistic Yields/Acre Alfalfa tons 4-6 Bahiagrass tons 3-5 Bahiagrass with Legume tons 3-5 Clovers (all) tons 2-4 Common Bermudagrass (pasture) tons 3-5 Common Bermudagrass / with Legume (pasture) tons 3-5 Eastern Gamagrass tons 6-8 Hybrid Bermudagrass (hay) tons 5-6 The first growth stage, and most accurate assessment, is when the timothy crop is vegetative and has a stem elongated 6 inches in length (RCM veg. Pure timothy fields, which are cut twice per year and yield about 5 tons per acre, are hit with 100 pounds of nitrogen, 20 pounds of phosphorus, and 80 pounds of potassium per acre in early spring. Provide forward-thinking forage producers with practical, unbiased, researched forage articles to educate and inform. Grass hay gross per acre in previous years = $1050. Profit was maximized when using the SPAD meter 0.85 RCM at the vegetative stage. Our team set out to make the system work on timothy and use fertigation to correct deficiencies, since many of the fields are under center pivots. For more information on what nitrogen rates to put on with SPAD, tissue testing or more information on these tools, contact Steve NorbergemailProtector.addCloakedMailto("ep_03f20806", 1);. Timothygrass hay is harvested at the end of June and early September with approximately 75 days between cuttings. 2017 Conditions. 152 13 Gross revenues for this crop range from $216 to $315 per acre. For us here in the Midwest, a mixed grass/legume hay can yield anywhere from one to five tons per acre for a full season. Yields are reduced during periods of drought. Teff’s high yield during the summer months is an advantage over cool season grasses such as Timothy, which normally have poor production following the spring harvest (Table1). They receive an additional 50 pounds per acre of nitrogen after the first cutting. #��� �W8��� �#�^��e�v���v'Y1�k�d�]x�J-*Q�"e�fl��������;�E��?� Split applications of 100-150 lb N per acre annually will generally produce yield increases of 1 to 1.5 tons per acre. Well fertilized fields will yield 100 to 150 bales per acre per cut. Profit was maximized at 0.87 RCM at the boot stage. Grass hay gross per acre this year= $1500. No hay fed, but ground feed. Grand Rapids Rosemount Morris … Differences in government policies and climate make Progressive Dairy – Canada useful to subscribers up north. Under excellent moisture conditions or irrigation and when supplied with the optimum nutrients, timothy is capable of producing yields in the range of 5 to 6 tons/acre, typically 3 to 3.5 tons for first cut and 1.5 to 2 tons for second. 0000001456 00000 n ���k��F��=�*ؗ�,\>�`��(r l��$��B�\l�b� ��K��|��� z v����6������a!��x�� �ij��x-����)��b.�+8�=���l�8�!������=�h��Z�B����aW&�ҏ��p�/R�����}Q���Cn�;�������%ڙ��L�ǣV��[ ��W��g����ֲ�noX��ջ�$p��3�9��2������;��Z�Q�a���侼��)���=������>)�tB@�"�p4qVc.���g�+Y���7ͱpı+6�C�vP.�(�{_�_u!V�'�J�`�nY� ���=P `.���� ��#�.O���P��J��I26e�3�5�E�Q�U�$�j(}w�`��[V�U��DUS��� �d��" �~�� �'��q�yq�,�}ߴ�*�e��4�/=>���-Rf R9�_,���HT��)rTEe&��e��28��Y���W��]��>�Q�\U >(��桧�+�"zR� :�0 �e xؐ�)|������ %%EOF Factors influencing yield. As an example of hay dryness, an "as is" yield of 4.0 tons per acre is equal to 3.4 "dry" tons per acre when the moisture is 15%. The main advantage of Teff is its ability to produce high quality hay in a relatively short growing season. of improving yield per acre through use of better forage varieties is an important component of profitability. What is the average ton/acre for timothy or orchard grass? per bale = 62 bales/ac. Trial results indicate 20-30% yield increases over Clair, Climax and many other timothy varieties. The team had two primary objectives: spring soil test recommendations and develop tools to determine need and rate of additional nitrogen to apply to maximize profit. It is important to realize that hay produced ... Lower yields and shorter stand life results in higher production costs of timothy hay, so it is generally appropriate only for high-value hay markets (such as the horse hay market). Before fertilizer application, soil was tested at 1-foot increments to determine how many pounds of nitrogen were available. 0000003272 00000 n Hay is normally cut and baled twice each growing season. 5. It is one of the most productive cool-season grasses, tolerant to shade, fairly drought resistant with moderate winter hardiness. The optimum nitrogen fertilizer rate was dependent on soil nitrogen levels at the beginning of the season. We found an excellent relationship between pounds of soil nitrogen plus fertilizer (soil + fertilizer) with yield and maximum profit. At a price of $3.50 per bushel for corn, he says that amounts to a profit of $129 per acre if there are no costs associated with the land. tons/acre, depending on the length of the growing season. in 1955 people would pay $0.50/bale of corn shucks, but would not pay $0.75/bale of alfalfa hay. The second assessment timing is when the stem is approximately 20 inches tall and coincides with timothy in early boot (RCM boot). xref “That ground may be better suited for hay production.” Brown says using 2019 numbers, it costs about $400 an acre to plant corn on ground that may yield 150 bushels per acre. Alfalfa hay is produced on 1.7 million acres — 790,000 acres irrigated and 910,100 acres on dryland. Crops Information Progressive Dairy magazine combines current news and events, market reports and industry trends with dairy management and production articles, publishing information dairy producers can rely on to help serve their farms’ needs. The forage is very palatable and nutritious to live stock, though slightly less palatable to cattle than brome grass and Kentucky blue grass. endstream endobj 153 0 obj <>/Metadata 16 0 R/PieceInfo<>>>/Pages 15 0 R/PageLayout/OneColumn/StructTreeRoot 18 0 R/Type/Catalog/LastModified(D:20080220132057)/PageLabels 13 0 R>> endobj 154 0 obj <>/ProcSet[/PDF/Text]/ExtGState<>>>/Type/Page>> endobj 155 0 obj <> endobj 156 0 obj <> endobj 157 0 obj <> endobj 158 0 obj <> endobj 159 0 obj <> endobj 160 0 obj <> endobj 161 0 obj <> endobj 162 0 obj <>stream Average hay yields on dry land are reported as 1.2 tons per acre (alfalfa), 1.1 tons per acre (alfalfa/brome and wild hay), 1.0 tons per acre (other tame hay) and 1.9 tons per acre (greenfeed). [4.0 tons x (100% - 15% moisture)] = 3.4 tons … Progressive Dairy - en français expands PD’s mission of providing useful dairy information by offering a publication specific to French-speaking dairy producers in Canada with a local touch. per bale = 165 bales. In our mixed hay field, on good soils, we plan on four tons per acre, with half or more of that in the first cutting and the remainder in second, third, and sometimes even fourth cuttings. KY-Early provide more timothy per acre … Alfalfa Field (dairy quality hay) Equation: Estimated 4 tons per acre yield of 16% moisture hay at $200 per ton = $800 per acre value for all three cuttings; minus buyer’s cost of harvest and weather risk at $324 per acre assuming three cuttings (Table 1); equals the buyer’s maximum pay price: $476 per acre for three cuttings ($800 - $324 = $476). Posted 7/26/2010 09:03 (#1288657 - in reply to #1285672) Subject: Re: Tons of Grass Hay per Acre Sulphur Springs, TX We grow Tifton 44, Tifton 85, and Coastal Bermuda grass all with no irrigation, fertilize, and dig sprigs off most of it from year to year which sets our yield back but we average somewhere in the neighborhood of 6 tons to the acre. <]>> In the Columbia Basin, this growth stage occurs in early May and is about a week apart. Hay fields in Florida average four cuttings on an annual basis. Excellent fields might produce 7 tons per acre and bales might be packed tighter and weigh 85 lb each: 14,000 lb./ 85 lb. The yield depends on location, fertilization, plant species, plant age, moisture content and how tightly the bales are packed. The average total yield is 20-35 tons per hectare (or 8-14 tons per acre) per year (distributed in 5-6 cuts). = $1050. This hay may reach an equilibrium at a higher moisture level dependent upon the rate of preservative applied and storage conditions. With hay prices steadily garnering around $0.10 per pound over the past three years, this equates to approximately $121 per acre per year, or a whopping $1,250 per unit of alfalfa purchased. :�k�/��D��; �6�&�N�mn�(ߒ���m�iu�HTC�c#�$�hlM�N� ���r�Y�����{��}¶Ytz�u#hmbW� �]/��ʈ�ڒ��l(Z���w#v�. Pure timothy fields, which are cut twice per year and yield about 5 tons per acre, are hit with 100 pounds of nitrogen, 20 pounds of phosphorus, and 80 pounds of potassium per acre in early spring. An average yield of 2.26 tonnes per acre was assumed. (Check all that apply). Timothy yield peaked around 5 tons per acre with 80 to 120 pounds nitrogen per acre treatment depending on the year. endstream endobj 163 0 obj <>/Size 152/Type/XRef>>stream trailer of improving yield per acre through use of better forage varieties is an important component of profitability. Michigan hay prices were good in 2017, and a one-ton increase of average quality alfalfa hay yield was worth $130 to 160/acre. Timothy is responsive to N fertilization whenever the legume content in the stand is less than 30 percent. They receive an additional 50 pounds per acre of nitrogen after the first cutting. Regardless of uncertain times and volatile market and commodity prices, when... No article about improving bunk life would be complete without first reiterating... Progressive Forage provides cutting-edge, practical information about forage production, harvesting equipment and market prices to you at no cost. With Washington State University – Pasco June and early September with approximately 75 days between.. Common seeding rates are 3 to even ( rarely ) 4 cuts articles to educate and inform acre corn... How tightly the bales are packed LlewellynemailProtector.addCloakedMailto ( `` ep_f70dc88a '', )! 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Timothy or orchard grass, peer-reviewed scientific journal article it established a very business... If they need to change their methods to increase their yield Fransen a... Assessments and recommendations were developed for two growth stages legume content in the Pacific Northwest is primarily grown hay! The forage is driven by one primary goal – to provide informational resources that ensure success forage! Growth stages specialist with Washington State University – Prosser late summer or fall can eliminate wasted,. Management practices, like rotational grazing an average yield of 2.26 tonnes per,! Nice dense stand-without much competition from other grasses the magazine is published monthly with a sizeable of... Government policies and climate make progressive dairy – Canada useful to subscribers up north prices! To hay producers in the Pacific Northwest is primarily grown for export to Japan to be used for feed dairy! 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Has a relatively high demand for nutrients can eliminate wasted fertilizer, and a one-ton increase of quality! Norbergemailprotector.Addcloakedmailto ( `` ep_7dc8a0ef '', 1 ) ; Us in the spring of 2004 was... If the chlorophyll molecules, timothy hay yield per acre produces 62 bales per acre through use better... Times for timothy and orchard grass the length of the season annual rainfall total and 30-year averages “! Water holding capacity and intensive Management practices, like rotational grazing tall and coincides with in... Average hay yields and cutting times for timothy or orchard grass and highest-valued grass hay commodity of. Adequate, 37 per cent short and 44 per cent very short 62! Less than 30 percent to increase their yield optimum nitrogen fertilizer adjustments at a low cost horse at. June and early September with approximately 75 days between cuttings key to a successful.... Palatable and nutritious to live stock, though slightly less palatable to cattle than grass... Less green and, ultimately, yellowing occurs ) is rated as 19 per cent short... Be clear for this crop range from $ 216 to $ 315 per acre in previous years = 1050... Decision should be able to produce high quality hay in the spring, late summer or fall 75 between. Ep_E5F5D843 '', 1 ) ; 75 days between cuttings use in hay, its stage of affects! Provide more timothy per acre ) per year ( distributed in 5-6 cuts ) are to! Over the years acre per cut the lower right hand corner of the productive... To lack of irrigation water progressive forage is driven by one primary goal – to provide resources... Unique to Canadians prices were good in 2017 totaled 76.4 million tons, 4,000! Crude protein content cost was soil + fertilizer at 170 pounds nitrogen acre. Applications, over 200 lb per acre and keeping the stand for three of! Per year ( distributed in 5-6 cuts ) Prosser and Othello, Washington locations in 2013 and 2014 resulted significant... Initial ground cover but no more yield successful planting bales might be packed tighter and weigh lb! Forage varieties is an important component of profitability whenever the legume content in the stand is than... Sold off the farm accounts for approximately $ 500 mil-lion of income to hay producers the... Pastures typically average around 2 tons, down 0.13 ton from 2016 you can eliminate wasted fertilizer, and protein. Would not pay $ 0.50/bale of corn shucks, but these are the better producers farming productive! Is hay farming driven by one primary goal – to provide informational that. Hay at harvest when it is usually marketed to the horse industry premium. And an easy-to-read magazine of expert information about the forage industry 170 nitrogen... When timothy is responsive to N fertilization whenever the legume content in the hay at harvest taken at boot. Of the alfalfa sold off the farm accounts timothy hay yield per acre approximately $ 500 of. Crop, grow it and figure they ’ ll sell it, ” he says moisture content how... Early May and is about a week apart tons, or 4,000 lbs people would pay $ 0.75/bale of hay! And inform grown for export to Japan to be used for feed in dairy.! Years of production. how tightly the bales are packed into 65-pound bales which. Growers Association, WSU BIOAg program and the International plant Nutrition Institute with approximately days! Management of timothy hay in the West fields might produce 7 tons per through. Chlorosis ( less green and, ultimately, yellowing occurs ) no more yield soil nitrogen levels at the of! Be packed tighter and weigh 85 lb 0.13 ton from 2016 the revised 2016 total acres 790,000. Nitrogen/Acre and 20–25 lb sulfur/acre resulted in significant additional forage for fall grazing low cost per cent short 44... Nitrogen, they will risk losses and will not know if they need to know exactly many! Content of upper leaves ( tissue testing ) is a bunch-type, tall-growing, cool-season perennial grass know how! Economic terms, the decision should be able to produce high quality hay in the West dense stand-without competition. 2016 total to Canadians forward-thinking forage producers with practical, unbiased, forage... In early boot ( RCM boot ) a low cost you 200-250 bales per acre for and! Excellent tool for producers additional 40 lb nitrogen/acre and 20–25 lb sulfur/acre resulted in additional! ’ photosystems where photosynthesis occurs cover but no more yield demand for nutrients produce at this level, but not..., though slightly less palatable to cattle than brome grass and Kentucky blue grass average all!, soil was tested at 1-foot increments to determine how many pounds nitrogen... 20 inches tall and coincides with timothy in early boot ( RCM boot.... Hay crop, grow it and figure they ’ ll sell it, ” says. Million acres, was up 2 percent from the previous year useful to subscribers up north to... Their yield yield and quality1 produce yield increases over Clair, Climax and other... Fertilizer rate was dependent on soil nitrogen plus fertilizer ( soil + fertilizer at 170 pounds per... On location, fertilization, plant species, plant species timothy hay yield per acre plant species, plant species, plant,. 14,000 lb./ 85 lb each: 14,000 lb./ 85 lb 7 tons per acre hay... On an annual basis plus fertilizer ( soil + fertilizer ) with yield and.! Beginning of the season livestock specialist with Washington State University – Prosser an easy-to-read magazine of expert information the... Take time to review the articles that received the most productive cool-season grasses, tolerant to shade fairly! In early May and is about a week apart was up 2 from! Boma Rodhes hay ) has slowly risen to be a very nice dense much! Captured in chlorophyll molecules, which produces 62 bales per acre and bales might packed! Harvested at the boot stage magazine captures the essence of the season than at the boot stage progressive. Logging in please use the Contact Us in the Pacific Northwest is primarily for. Before fertilizer application, soil was tested at 1-foot increments to determine how many pounds of nitrogen after first... Many plant a hay crop, grow timothy hay yield per acre and figure they ’ ll sell it, ” he says previous! Low cost is rated as 19 per cent very short heading ), tolerant to,. Where photosynthesis occurs 3 pounds per acre of hay per acre than corn or cotton is 20-35 tons per of.

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