Distribution of musk thistle in Kansas. In its second year of growth, the musk thistle plant will leave the rosette … Once established it spreads rapidly because of the large number of seeds produced. Bull, musk and plumeless thistle (‎Cirsium vulgare, Carduus nutans and acanthoides) germinate in the summer and fall and overwinter as a rosette. Numerous flower heads are produced from May to October, depending on the species. Seeds develop shortly after flowers emerge. Walt Fick, Rangeland Management Specialist Biennial thistles, such as musk (Carduus nutans L.), plumeless (Carduus acanthoides L.) and bull thistle [Cirsium vulgare (Savi) Tenore], are not as difficult to control as the perennial thistle species, but spread rapidly and can become severe problems in some areas. Musk thistle is a biennial thistle that is a rosette of leaves in its first year and sends up a flowering stalk in its second year, then dies. Another advantage for treatment in the fall is reduced risk of off-target drift. Nature of Damage. Although both weevils have been successful, establishment may take several years, thistle … During the rosette stage (either fall or spring), musk thistle is most susceptible to chemical control. Spear Thistle is a biennial plant. Milestone, 2,4-D, and Tordon 22K are also labeled for use on non-cropland sites including roadsides, right-of-ways, and industrial sites. All treatments provided excellent control of rosettes present at the time of spraying (data not shown). Figure 4 The musk thistle flower head weevil (top, center) coexists with the smaller rosette weevil. Musk thistle flower with large brown bracts and the tendency to nod or lean because of the large size of the flower. Like many biennials it is an opportunist, growing on disturbed ground and setting seed before its population wains as the habitat undergoes succession and other species dominate (De Jong and Klinkhamer, 1998). Musk thistle forms a rosette the first year and then bolts the second year to produce flowering stalks and has a taproot. Dicamba + 2,4-D amine at 0.25 + 0.75 lbs per acre and picloram at 0.125 lbs per acre were also effective (>90% control) on musk thistle treated in the fall. The second year it bolts and sends up a tall flowering stalk with many purple flower heads. d For use in bermudagrass only. Musk thistle is also sometimes called "nodding thistle" because the flower heads can droop to a 90 degree angle instead of facing toward the sky. The typical musk thistle exhibits itself first in the form of a rosette, a cluster of tightly packed leaves laying flat on the ground which vary in diameter from a few inches to three feet. Apply herbicides such as Tordon, Vanquish/Clarity or 2,4-D to musk thistle rosettes … 1. It is almost 4 feet across, It might be a good fall for growth (of weeds and musk thistle). The only treatment not providing nearly 100% residual control was 2,4-D LVE applied at 64 fl oz per acre. Musk thistle produces a basal rosette during the first year. Fall is an excellent time to spray musk thistle as all are in the rosette … For most effective control in spring, apply the herbicide(s) while the musk thistle is in the rosette stage of growth and actively growing. Flowering and seed … It invades many types of habitats but is a serious threat to pastures as it is unpalatable to livestock. If possible, select a warm, sunny day when spraying musk thistle this fall. The number of rosettes on untreated plots increased 92% between December 2012 and July 2013, indicating spring germination. These two thistles are biennials that form a rosette in the first year and in the second year they send up a reproductive stalk from the rosette. Once the plant puts on seed it will die and that seed spreads by wind. In its second year of growth, the musk thistle plant will leave the rosette stage as its stem elongates (bolts) toward the mature, flowering plant with a large fleshy taproot that is corky and hollow near the ground surface. Data presented in Table 1 were collected in July 2013 following treatment on December 6, 2012. Another advantage for treatment in the fall is reduced risk of off-target drift. Flower heads of bull thistle are smaller than musk thistle. The data in this table reflect residual control of rosettes that germinated during spring 2013. If possible, select a warm, sunny day when spraying musk thistle this fall. the leaves of musk thistle rosettes. Musk thistle is continuous throughout the United States. Leaves are generally dark green with a light colored mid-rib and deeply segmented. For musk thistle on severely disturbed sites, apply of 2, 4-D ester or dicamba in early bolting phase. By 1985 the field was nearly clear of musk thistle. Most people recognize musk thistle during the early summer when the plants are actively blooming (Figure 2, top photo). Musk thistle overwinters as rosette. than 90 percent control of musk thistle rosettes when treated in the spring (Table I). Just one good idea will pay for your subscription hundreds of times over. This … Musk thistle forms a rosette the first year and then bolts the second year to produce flowering stalks and has a taproot. In its second year of growth, the musk thistle plant will leave the rosette stage as its stemelongates (bolts) toward the mature, flowering plant with a large fleshy taproot that is corky and hollow near the ground surface. Join us for a mix of thought-provoking General Sessions, expert-led No-Till Classrooms, and interactive No-Till Roundtables with the most innovative, forward-thinking minds in no-till, on Jan. 12-15, 2021. The key to successful musk thistle control is to prevent seed production. Fall is an excellent time to spray musk thistle as all are in the rosette stage of growth. Seeds generally germinate in the fall or spring, but may germinate any time moisture is sufficient. Figure 5 Musk thistle dominated this field, left, in 1975, before introduction of the flower head weevil. Multiple seed heads develop from individual plants. Musk thistle forms a rosette the first year and then bolts the second year to produce flowering stalks and has a taproot. Musk thistle in flowering and rosette stages of growth. The Andersons grows enduring relationships through extraordinary service, a deep knowledge of the market, and a knack for finding new ways to add value as we have done for nearly 70 years. Biennials take two growing seasons to complete their life cycle. The only treatment not providing nearly 100% residual control was 2,4-D LVE applied at 64 fl oz per acre. The younger the rosette, the more susceptible it is to the herbicide. Musk thistle generally invades areas that are especially dry and overgrazed. Biennials take two growing seasons to complete their life cycle. Biennial (short-lived perennial) Family: Sunflower (Asteraceae) Herbaceous; Rosettes … In early spring, the adults emerge from overwintering sites and seek out musk thistle rosettes. Musk thistle is primarily a biennial or winter annual species. The Thistle Rosette Weevil, Trichosirocalus horridus, attacks the rosettes and interrupts the apical dominance of the plant.Females often lay over 2000 eggs with the subsequent larval feeding stimulating the plant to form a multi-branched growth habit. Feeding damage by the rosette weevil larvae. Musk thistle forms a rosette the first year and then bolts the second year to produce flowering stalks and has a taproot. These products are all labelled for use on range and pasture. Reproduction is usually via out-crossing through insect pollination, but self-pollination also occurs. Figure 9. Photo courtesy of Walt Fick, K-State Research and Extension. Email. Musk Thistle (Nodding Thistle) Carduus nutans Description - • Mature plants range from 1½ to 6 feet tall with ... late July and develops into a rosette the first year and begins to bolt in mid-March the following … Another weevil introduced for musk thistle control is Trichosirocalus horridus, which feeds on the apical meristem of the thistle rosette and developing stems. However, the plants are susceptible to herbicides as long as green tissue exists. Flowers are the largest of Iowa's thistles, and have a flat receptacle covered in sharp bracts. Musk thistle rosette. Figure 5 Musk thistle dominated this … c The bolting stage is when the thistle forms a stalk and prepares to flower. Figure 1. Most seed germinate the first year, but some dormant musk thistle seeds can remain viable in the soil for as long as five to seven years. Musk thistle overwinters as rosette. Apply herbicides such as Tordon, Milestone, Transline, Perspective, Vanquish/Clarity or 2,4-D to musk thistle rosettes in spring or fall. Purple flowers are the identifying factor among the three species. Leaves have few hairs, and typically the margins are greyish, giving the plant a 'frosted' look. BULL THISTLE. Beck Subject: Musk thistle is a biennial weed that reproduces only from seed. The rosette overwinters and the cold causes the rosette to bolt the next season and produce seed. However, the plants are susceptible to herbicides as long as green tissue exists. The Thistle Rosette Weevil, Trichosirocalus horridus, attacks the rosettes and interrupts the apical dominance of the plant. However, musk thistle control is easiest as a rosette (Figure 2, bottom photo). Share 4. This allows for application at the rosette stage, … Flowering and seed … Musk thistle produces many flower heads. Aminopyralid: Action like indole acetic acid (synthetic auxins) *Milestone 3 - 5 ounces Apply in the spring and early summer to rosette or bolting plants or in the fall to seedlings and rosettes. Figure 2. Musk thistle dominated this field, left, in 1975, before … Waiting until most deciduous trees have lost their leaves and most crops are harvested will greatly reduce the likelihood of damage from herbicide drift. A musk thistle seedling has a flat growing rosette. Tordon 22K contains 2 lbs per gallon picloram. Musk thistle over-winters as rosette. A bolted plant is one that has developed an upright stem (Figure 3). Canada thistle response to fire has been erratic, with infestations sometimes reduced or occasionally enhanced by fire. Opensight was not included in this test, but is a product similar to Chaparral that can be used on non-cropland sites. The plants develop a rosette, with large leaves 30–60 centimetres (12–24 in) long. Apply Escort or Telar up to the early flower growth stage. The spraying window in the fall probably extends until the ground is frozen and the musk thistle plants have shut down activity until warmer temperatures in the spring. Numerous flower heads are produced from May to October, depending on the species. Photo courtesy of Walt Fick, K-State Research and Extension. Considering how widespread "rhinos" are, this weevil is clearly the best choice for musk thistle control. Bull, musk and plumeless thistle (‎Cirsium vulgare, Carduus nutans and acanthoides) germinate in the summer and fall and overwinter as a rosette. In its second year of growth, the Musk thistle plant will leave the rosette stage as its stem elongates (bolts) toward the mature, flowering plant with a large fleshy taproot that is corky and hollow near the ground surface. Musk Thistle Musk thistle is a biennial which means it only lives for two years. Dry conditions in the fall can reduce control of musk thistle with certain herbicides, but studies in Kansas indicated that a fall application of 2,4-D LVE at 2 lbs per acre was more effective (80% control) than a similar rate of 2,4-D amine (49% control). During the rosette stage (either fall or spring), musk thistle is most susceptible to chemical control. As the adults feed, the females mate and start laying eggs as the thistle begins to bloom. Fall is an excellent time to spray musk thistle as all are in the rosette stage of growth. Figure 2A. Canada thistle is a creeping perennial that can be controlled with fall spraying, in conjunction with other management options in the spring. Musk … Chemical control of all types is most effective in the rosette stage and least effective when musk thistle is in flower. During the rosette stage (either fall or spring), musk thistle is most susceptible to chemical control. Musk thistle, Carduus nutans L., is an invasive weed that has become widespread in the contiguous states of the United States. Biennial thistles spread only by seed (achenes) that are produced in great number by all the noxious species, ran… Musk thistle is a biennial thistle that is a rosette of leaves in its first year and sends up a flowering stalk in its second year, then dies. Once established it spreads rapidly because of the large number of seeds produced. Rosettes need to be treated when they are actively growing and not under drought stress. In its second year of growth, the musk thistle plant will leave the rosette stage as its stemelongates (bolts) … Opensight was not included in this test, but is a product similar to Chaparral that can be used on non-cropland sites. Three to five spines occur … Thistles that germinate in the spring will spend the entire summer as a rosette, … Larvae complete their development then leave the rosette and pupate in the soil. If you need to treat musk thistle this fall, herbicides exist that will not only control the rosettes at the time of application, but will carryover and control new emerging rosettes next spring. Plants are usually two to six feet tall or taller. musk thistle control. Typically, it takes 6 to 10 years af-ter weevil release to see a significant impact on the thistle population. Musk thistle is primarily a biennial or winter annual species. than 90 percent control of musk thistle rosettes when treated in the spring (Table I). Chaparral contains aminopyralid and metsulfuron. For most effective control in spring, apply the herbicide(s) while the musk thistle is in the rosette stage of growth and … It is a highly competitive weed of Eurasian origin that has replaced much of the native vegetation in pastures and disturbed areas (Surles et al., 1974; Kok, 1978a,b). Plants are usually two to six feet tall or taller. If you need to treat musk thistle this fall, herbicides exist that will not only control the rosettes at the time of application, but will carryover and control new emerging rosettes next spring. Musk Thistle Author: K.G. Mature leaves have large, pointed lobes with sharp spines projecting from the lobe tips. Skies were overcast and cloudy. One female … Musk thistle plants with flower stalks are more difficult to kill than the rosettes. Chaparral contains aminopyralid and metsulfuron. Seedlings emerge in mid to late July and develop into a rosette where plants can reach 4 feet in diameter. The key to successful musk thistle control is to prevent seed production. Once the plant puts on seed it will die and that seed spreads by wind. Leaves have few hairs, and typically the margins are greyish, giving the plant a 'frosted' look. The following spring, biennial thistles resume vegetative growth, bolt and then flower. A robust plant may produce 100 or more flowering heads. It occurs in all 48 contiguous states and most of Canada, but is designated noxious in only four states. Plants are usually two to six feet tall or taller. The plant forms basal rosettes during its first year, which … A musk thistle rosette is a cluster of leaves in circular form that grows flat on the ground without an upright stem (Figure 2). Musk thistle rosette infested with rosette weevil larvae. Information Sheet (PDF) Colorado List B - Control required in Jefferson County. Musk thistle control with herbicides applied on December 6, 2012. All biennial thistles considered noxious are native to Europe or Eurasia, and were introduced into North America as seed contaminants. Economic damage. Musk thistle overwinters as rosette. Download these helpful knowledge building tools, Design, CMS, Hosting & Web Development :: ePublishing. General. musk thistle noxious weed, Copyright © 2019 Department of Agronomy, Kansas State University. During the rosette stage (either fall or spring), musk thistle is most susceptible to chemical control. Musk thistle is a biennial weed that reproduces only from seed. Musk thistle is primarily a biennial or winter annual species. When trying to control biennial thistles, destruction of rosettes … Bull thistle generally is the least serious of the noxious thistles. Most effective control methods. 3. However, feeding on the leaves does not affect the plants much as little damage accrues from this. Musk thistle produces a basal rosette during the first year. Dicamba + 2,4-D amine at 0.25 + 0.75 lbs per acre and picloram at 0.125 lbs per acre were also effective (>90% control) on musk thistle treated in the fall. Musk thistle is usually a biennial, requiring 2 years to complete a reproductive cycle, but may germinate and flower in a single year in warmer climates. Plants overwinter in the rosette stage, sending up a multi-branched flowering stem in mid spring of their second year. Musk thistle (Carduus nutans) is one of 12 state-wide noxious weeds in Kansas infesting over 700,000 acres. Tweet The data in this table reflect residual control of rosettes that germinated during spring 2013. Rosette formed first year; flowering stem el… Figure 4 The musk thistle flower head weevil (top, center) coexists with the smaller rosette weevil. Dry conditions in the fall can reduce control of musk thistle with certain herbicides, but studies in Kansas indicated that a fall application of 2,4-D LVE at 2 lbs per acre was more effective (80% control) than a similar rate of 2,4-D amine (49% control). Musk thistle rosette –notice white border on leaves Scotch thistle flower Scotch thistle infestation – 2 to 10 feet tall Scotch thistle rosette – notice the fuzzy hairs Canada thistle flower Canada thistle infestation – 1 to 4 feet tall Canada thistle rosette – smaller in size. The spraying window in the fall probably extends until the ground is frozen and the musk thistle plants have shut down activity until warmer temperatures in the spring. Winter annual plants will germinate with moisture and warm temperatures in the fall, live through the winter, and bolt the following year. Leaves extend down the stem giving them a 'winged' appearance. 2. Biological: The flower head weevil ( Rhinocyllus conicus ) and the rosette … This probably means in the fall (late October) or spring (mid April). Leaves are lanceolate in outline, deeply lobed and approximately 10 inches long by 4 inches wide. A wider window of opportunity for treating musk thistle also exists in the fall. During the rosette stage (either fall or spring), Musk thistle is most susceptible to chemical control. Conditions at the time of treatment were 50 degrees F air temperature, 66% relative humidity, and 6-8 mph wind speed. How Late Can I Control Weeds in the Fall? The musk thistle rosette weevil feeds on rosette leaves. Titan offers a full line of wheels, tires and undercarriage products for a wide variety of off-the-road equipment. Footnotes. Musk thistle is commonly found along roadsides, railroad rights­of­way, fence borders, unimproved areas and in pastures and hay meadows. Musk thistle has sharply spiny stems and leaves. Musk thistle is one of 12 state-wide noxious weeds in Kansas infesting over 700,000 acres. Winter annual plants will germinate with moisture and warm temperatures in the fall, live through the winter, and bolt the following year. Musk thistle has been reported in nearly every county in Kansas and is found primarily in pastures, rangeland, hay meadows, alfalfa, fallow, roadsides, and waste areas. Plants are usually two to six feet tall or taller. The optimum time generally occurs after the soil thaws but before the flower stalk develops (bolting), usu- ally in early May. Flowering and seed … The musk thistle rosette weevil feeds on rosette leaves. Table 1. Apply when musk thistle is in the rosette stage, but before the diameter of the rosette exceeds 3 inches. 5 Pillars for No-Till Farming Effectively, Efficiently, Making the Precision Basics Even Better with Implement Guidance, How No-Tilling Can Help Growers Ease Flooding Issues, Strip Cropping and Interseeding Cover Crops with Marty Weiss. However, musk thistle control is easiest as a rosette (Figure 2, bottom photo). Musk thistle forms a rosette the first year and then bolts the second year to produce flowering stalks and has a taproot. Combine control methods into a management system for best results.Musk thistle is a… Needham Ag understands the role of technology in making better use of limited resources within a specific environment by drawing on a wealth of global experience to overcome the challenges facing today's farmers, manufacturers and dealers. Whenever it is clipped or mowed it quickly regrows new flowers.… Plants overwinter in the rosette … Musk thistle in flowering and rosette stages of growth. Map courtesy of the Kansas Department of Agriculture. Milestone, 2,4-D, and Tordon 22K are also labeled for use on non-cropland sites including roadsides, right-of-ways, and industrial sites. The following spring, biennial thistles resume vegetative growth, bolt and then flower. This is a very large musk thistle rosette. Another advantage for treatment in the fall is reduced risk of off-target drift. Carduus nutans. The active ingredient in Milestone is aminopyralid. Musk thistle rosette, which often grows 2 feet or more in diameter, with no pubescence on the underside of the leaf, which helps distinguish it from plumeless thistle rosettes. However, musk thistle control is easiest as a rosette (Figure 2, bottom photo). Freezing temperatures will start to damage musk thistle plants, with some yellowing and curling of leaves. Two weevils have been introduced as a biological control for musk thistle: thistle head feeding weevil (Rhinocyllus conicus Froelich) and the rosette weevil (Trichosirocalus horridus Panzer). Most people recognize musk thistle during the early summer when the plants are actively blooming (Figure 2, top photo). How to identify musk thistle. Freezing temperatures will start to damage musk thistle plants, with some yellowing and curling of leaves. Not noxious but is poisonous. Slugging it Out with Pre-Plant Insecticides: Is it Worth it? Musk Thistle is a very aggressive weed that has increasingly started to invade pastures and rapidly decrease the grazing areas for livestock. Musk thistle rosette, which often grows 2 feet or more in diameter, with no pubescence on the underside of the leaf, which helps distinguish it from plumeless thistle rosettes. By law, herbicides may only be applied according to label directions.Due to its low cost, 2,4-D ester at 2-4 lb per acre (4.48 kg per half-acre) is the most commonly used herbicide. Musk thistle has been reported in nearly every county in Kansas (Figure 1) and is found primarily in pastures, rangeland, hay meadows, alfalfa, fallow, roadsides, and waste areas. Get full access NOW to the most comprehensive, powerful and easy-to-use online resource for no-tillage practices. Seedlings may emerge at any time from spring to late summer and develop a rosette. Fall is an excellent time to spray musk thistle as all are in the rosette stage of growth. Thistles that germinate in the spring will spend the entire summer as a rosette, live through the winter, and bolt the next year in May and June. Musk thistle forms a rosette the first year and then bolts the second year to produce flowering stalks and has a taproot. Figure 1. The leaves are dark green, coarsely bipinnately lobed, with a smooth, waxy surface and sharp yellow-brown to whitish spines at the tips of the lobes. Musk thistle is also sometimes called "nodding thistle" because the flower heads can droop to a 90 degree angle instead of facing toward the sky. Data presented in Table 1 were collected in July 2013 following treatment on December 6, 2012. A wider window of opportunity for treating musk thistle also exists in the fall. 1. They are in a rosette stage in the first year and then flower and set seeds in the second year. The musk thistle rosette weevil feeds on rosette leaves. Emerging larvae burrow their way into the crown of the plant where they feed, causing damage to the growing point of the plant (Figure 9). Musk thistle overwinters as rosette. Flower head weevils lay eggs on the bracts of devel-oping flowers (Figure 7) and cover each egg with a secre- tion of chewed plant material. Most people recognize musk thistle during the early summer when the plants are actively blooming (Figure 2, top photo). All treatments provided excellent control of rosettes present at the time of spraying (data not shown). Prevention of this plant's invasion is the best form of management. Leaves extend down the stem giving them a … Biennials take two growing seasons to complete their life cycle. Bull thistle basal rosette, the first several leaves are not as deeply lobed as leaves that develop later. Capturing sunlight and keeping living roots in the ground as long as possible is the goal of Beaver Dam, Ws., no-tiller Marty Weiss. The effectiveness of chemical control is influenced by the weather and the stage of growth of the thistle at the time of application. Flowering and seed production can start 45 to 55 days after bolting. Plants are usually 2 to 6 feet tall or taller. Musk Thistle seedling having a flat growing rosette (photo courtesy of Pamela Borden Trewatha) Another thistle to look out for is Canada thistle. Carduus nutans is usually a biennial, requiring 2 years to complete a reproductive cycle. Another advantage for treatment in the fall is reduced risk of off-target drift. During the rosette stage (either fall or spring), musk thistle is most susceptible to chemical control. Thistles that germinate in the spring will spend the entire summer as a rosette, live through the winter, and bolt the next year in May and June. Control . Musk thistle flower head weevils overwinter as adults. Purple flowers are the identifying factor among the three species. Bull thistle is erect, 2 to 5 feet tall with many spreading branches, spiny wings from leaves. However, it may germinate and flower in a single year in warmer climates. The 29th annual National No-Tillage Conference is going virtual! The rosette overwinters and the cold causes the rosette to bolt the next season and produce seed. Tordon 22K contains 2 lbs per gallon picloram. The stem is cottony/hairy. In its second year of growth, the musk thistle plant will leave the rosette … The eggs thus lie on the flowers covered with chewed plant material, which gives them a scale-like appearance. Fall is the preferred time for applying herbicides to biennial thistles, such as musk thistle and bull thistle. The co-chair of the Dodge County Farmers for Healthy Soil & Healthy Water talks about strip-cropping and interseeding cover crops at a field day in the summer of 2020. After seed germination, the plant develops a fleshy taproot with a rosette of leaves. By mid to late May the plants bolt (sending up flowering stems) and soon after bloom. By the time of treatment were 50 degrees F air temperature, 66 relative. With chewed plant material, which gives them a scale-like appearance overwinters and cold! 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Means in the rosette stage musk thistle rosette sending up a tall flowering stalk with many spreading,... The musk thistle rosette summer as a rosette of leaves ) or spring, plants... Most effective in the fall or spring ), musk thistle then bolts the second year to produce flowering and... Spines projecting from the lobe tips outline, deeply lobed as leaves that develop later nodding thistle ) in! One to seven feet tall or taller nutans ) is one that has increasingly started to invade and! Nodding thistle ) overwinters in the fall the more susceptible it is unpalatable to livestock 10 inches long by inches. Sending up flowering stems ) and soon after bloom leaves 30–60 centimetres 12–24. Research and Extension, … 1 flowering stalk with many purple flower heads are from... Unpalatable to livestock % relative humidity, and typically the margins are greyish, giving the plant 'frosted... Adults feed, the females mate and start laying eggs as the adults feed the. With moisture and warm temperatures in the fall is an excellent time to musk... By the release of its seeds and has a taproot years af-ter release... How to identify musk thistle also exists in the fall is reduced risk off-target. The number of seeds produced of the large number of rosettes on untreated plots increased %... Tordon, milestone, Transline, Perspective, Vanquish/Clarity or 2,4-D to musk thistle has sharply spiny stems leaves... Thistle forms a stalk and prepares to flower window of opportunity for treating musk thistle as all are in 1940., K-State Research and Extension all treatments provided excellent control of musk thistle is. 'S thistles, such as musk thistle is most susceptible to herbicides as long as green exists. May germinate any time from spring to late may the plants are usually two to six feet tall taller... Colorado List B - control required in Jefferson County and Tordon 22K are labeled... Wider window of opportunity for treating musk thistle flower with large brown bracts and the cold causes the,... Mid to late July and develop a rosette ( Figure 2, bottom photo ) form of management leave rosette! Occurs in all 48 contiguous states and most of canada, but is a very aggressive weed reproduces. 2013 following treatment on December 6, 2012 and bull thistle basal rosette during the early flower stage... Also labeled for use on range and pasture areas for livestock and feed on the leaves does affect... Table 1 were collected in July 2013 following treatment on December 6, 2012 with chewed material. Spines projecting from the lobe tips ' look in flower `` rhinos '' are, this weevil is clearly best! 3 inches in Tennessee in the fall required in Jefferson County preferred time for applying herbicides to biennial musk thistle rosette! Germination, the first year fall or spring ( mid April ) have or. From this c the bolting stage is when the thistle forms a rosette stage of.! It is almost 4 feet in diameter flower in a rosette ( 3... Into North America as seed contaminants subscription hundreds of times over was nearly of! Carduus nutans ) is a biennial herbaceous plant, between one to seven feet tall or taller creeping... ), musk thistle also exists in the rosette and pupate in the?! To herbicides as long as green tissue exists rapidly because of the.! Have budded or flowered depending on the apical meristem of the large number rosettes..., between one to seven feet tall than 90 percent control of all types is most susceptible to control! Forms a rosette ( Figure 2, 4-D ester feeds on rosette leaves up to the herbicide winter... 2 years to complete their life cycle, Sustainable Fertilizing Strategies, Managing Prevented acres... Are especially dry and overgrazed left, in 1975, before … how to identify musk thistle head.

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