The natural depth of the river varied from about 3 to 20 feet (0.91 to 6.10 m). The Ohio River is a 981 miles long river that is found within the region of Laurentia in the US. It is located in the Midwestern and Southern United States, flowing southwesterly from western Pennsylvania south of Lake Erie to its mouth on the Mississippi River at the southern tip of Illinois. "[5] In the late 18th century, the river was the southern boundary of the Northwest Territory. Therefore, commercial maritime traffic, i.e., tow boats with barges and passenger vessels, have the ability, and authority, to utilize any and all of the Ohio River for navigation. The largest northern tributary is the Wabash River. Beaver County Tourism. at least 25,000 and among the 10 largest in the state, and whose municipal boundary comes within less than a mile of the river. The Silver Bridge at Point Pleasant, West Virginia collapsed into the river on December 15, 1967. Use, Administration, and Navigation 207.300 Ohio River, above Cairo, IL, and their tributaries; use, administration, and navigation. Prior to that event, the north-flowing Steubenville River (no longer in existence) ended between New Martinsville and Paden City, West Virginia. The Osage, Omaha, Ponca and Kaw lived in the Ohio Valley, but under pressure from the Iroquois to the northeast, migrated west of the Mississippi River in the 17th century to territory now defined as Missouri, Arkansas and Oklahoma. It is considered to separate Midwestern Great Lakes states from the Upper South states, which were historically border states in the Civil War. Also covers Louisville (Ky.) and vicinity. Of the fifty states, it is the 34th largest by area, the seventh most populous, and the tenth most densely populated. There are many large tributaries that give the ohio river its size. Carl Perkins Bridge in Portsmouth, Ohio with Ohio River and Scioto River tributary on right. It is (980 miles) (1,557 km) in length. Whether clinging to the shores of the river, or linking farms and historic river communities, the Ohio River Scenic Byway is the common thread joining a geographically broad and culturally diverse region together. Harriet Beecher Stowe's Uncle Tom's Cabin, the bestselling novel that fueled abolitionist work, was the best known of the anti-slavery novels that portrayed such escapes across the Ohio. [2] The river flows through or along the border of six states, and its drainage basin includes parts of 14 states. After reaching the mouth of the Ohio, settlers would travel north on the Mississippi River to St. Louis, Missouri. In this area, the river flowed over hard, fossil-rich beds of limestone. [29] The bridge was rebuilt about one mile downstream and in service as the Silver Memorial Bridge in 1969. Through its largest tributary, the Tennessee River, the basin includes several states of the southeastern U.S. [7][8], Native Americans, including the Lenni Lenape and Iroquois, considered the Ohio and Allegheny rivers as the same, as is suggested by a New York State road sign on Interstate 86 that refers to the Allegheny River also as Ohi:yo';[9] the Geographic Names Information System lists O-hee-yo and O-hi-o as variant names for the Allegheny. Water levels for the Ohio River from Smithland Lock and Dam upstream to Pittsburgh are predicted daily by the National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration's Ohio River Forecast Center. Beginning at the junction of the Allegheny and Monongahela Rivers nesr Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania, it runs southwest, ending at the Mississippi River on the Illinois and Missouri borders. Scale ca. Shortened in the Shawnee language to pelewa thiipi, spelewathiipi or peleewa thiipiiki, the name evolved through variant forms such as "Polesipi", "Peleson", "Pele Sipi" and "Pere Sipi", and eventually stabilized to the variant spellings "Pelisipi", "Pelisippi" and "Pellissippi". Fortunately, the bridge was not blown up during the American Civil War. She also composed the libretto for the opera Margaret Garner (2005), based on the life and trial of an enslaved woman who escaped with her family across the river. Ohio rivers shown on the map. In the five centuries before European conquest, the Mississippian culture built numerous regional chiefdoms and major earthwork mounds in the Ohio Valley, such as Angel Mounds near Evansville, Indiana, as well as in the Mississippi Valley and the Southeast. [30] The river again ranked as the most polluted in 2013 and has been the most polluted river since at least 2001, according to the Ohio River Valley Water Sanitation Commission (ORSANCO). The Ohio River Greenway Trail is a key segment of a "major" greenway corridor being developed in the "Keystone State" and is also serving to complete an essential section in a nationally, significant linear park system through the interconnection of existing trails in five states – Maryland, New York, Ohio, Pennsylvania, and West Virginia. The Ohio River at Cairo is 281,500 cu ft/s (7,960 m3/s);[1] and the Mississippi River at Thebes, Illinois, which is upstream of the confluence, is 208,200 cu ft/s (5,897 m3/s). The Ohio River has 9 ports and harbors. Before the river was created, large parts of North America were covered by water forming a saltwater lake about 200 miles across and 400 miles in length. A private casino riverboat that docked in Evansville, Indiana, on the Ohio River opened about the same time. [34] The water depth predictions are relative to each local flood plain based upon predicted rainfall in the Ohio River basin in five reports as follows: The water levels for the Ohio River from Smithland Lock and Dam to Cairo, Illinois, are predicted by the National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration's Lower Mississippi River Forecast Center.[35]. This is a generalized topographic map of Ohio. Has watermark. Falls of the Ohio National Wildlife Conservation Area, National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration, List of longest rivers of the United States (by main stem), Jefferson, Thomas, 1743–1826. Find local businesses, view maps and get driving directions in Google Maps. Ohio has approximately 29,113 miles of river, of which 212.9 miles are designated as wild & scenic—less than 1% of the state's river miles. The Ohio River is a left (east) and largest tributary by volume of the Mississippi River in the United States. The movement across the Allegheny Mountains of British settlers and the claims of the area near modern-day Pittsburgh led to conflict with the French, who had forts in the Ohio River Valley. [24] The Wheeling Suspension Bridge was built over the river at Wheeling from 1847 to 1849, making the trip west easier. Cross Creek Lake. [18][19] The first known European to traverse the length of the river, from the headwaters of the Allegheny to its mouth on the Mississippi, was a Dutchman from New York, Arnout Viele, in 1692.[20][21]. [32], The Ohio River is heavily industrialized and populated and sees traffic from large barge cargoes carrying oil, steel and other industrial goods. The ports and harbors situated on the Ohio River are shown on the map and port index by country table below. Ohio River above Cairo, IL and its tributaries. [13] For thousands of years, Native Americans used the river as a major transportation and trading route. [31], The Ohio River was polluted with hundreds of thousands of pounds of PFOA, a fluoride-based chemical used in making teflon, among other things, by the DuPont chemical company from an outflow pipe at its Parkersburg, West Virginia, facility for several decades beginning in the 1950s. The number in parentheses after the port's location corresponds to the numbered icons on the map. [11][12] In his original draft of the Land Ordinance of 1784, Thomas Jefferson proposed a new state called "Pelisipia", to the south of the Ohio River, which would have included parts of present-day Eastern Kentucky, Virginia and West Virginia.[11]. Tennessee: all but a small part in the extreme west drained directly by the Mississippi, and a very small area in the southeastern corner which is drained by the, Ohio: 80% (all except a northern strip bordering Lake Erie, and the northwest corner), This page was last edited on 6 December 2020, at 17:17. Many cities got their start at or adjacent to the forts. Major river in the midwestern United States, The widest point on the Ohio River is just north of. There are many large tributaries that give the Ohio River its size. Where the Ohio joins the Mississippi is the lowest elevation in the state of Illinois, at 315 feet (96 m). Begins in pittsburgh pa. The map center team in addition to provides the supplementary pictures of Ohio River Locks and Dams Map in high Definition and Best mood that can be downloaded by click upon the gallery under the Ohio River Locks and Dams Map picture. Ohio River The river then follows a roughly southwest and then west-northwest course until Cincinnati, before bending to a west-southwest course for most of its length. Detailed topographic maps and aerial photos of Ohio are available in the Geology.com store. The largest tributaries of the Ohio by discharge volume are: By drainage basin area, the largest tributaries are:[36], The largest tributaries by length are:[36], Major tributaries of the river, in order from the head to the mouth of the Ohio, include:[36]. Cincinnati.[25]. The Ohio River Scenic Byway in Indiana is comprised of the following segments totaling 302.38 miles. Forts along the Ohio river include Fort Pitt (Pennsylvania), Fort McIntosh (Pennsylvania), Fort Randolph (West Virginia), Fort Henry (West Virginia), Fort Harmar (Ohio), Fort Washington (Ohio), and Fort Nelson (Kentucky). For a brief time, until 1851, it was the world's largest suspension bridge. The section of the river that runs southwest from Pittsburgh to Cairo, Illinois is around tens of thousands of years old. At the confluence, the Ohio is considerably bigger than the Mississippi, measured by long-term mean discharge. From its origin to Cincinnati, the average depth is approximately 15 feet (5 m). During the nineteenth century, emigrants from Virginia, North Carolina and Kentucky settled along the northern bank of the Ohio river. Searchable listings of Ohio River RV parks and campgrounds. Text printed on separate sheet attached to main sheet at bottom. Thus Wheeling Island, the largest inhabited island in the Ohio River, belongs to West Virginia, although it is closer to the Ohio shore than to the West Virginia shore. Come discover 390 million years of history from the Devonian sea creatures to life at the Falls today! ohio map with counties. This appeased the British subjects of Canada, but angered the colonists of the Thirteen Colonies. It is the third largest river by discharge volume in the United States and the largest tributary by volume of the north-south flowing Mississippi River that divides the eastern from western United States. The course forms the northern borders of West Virginia and Kentucky; and the southern borders of Ohio, Indiana and Illinois, until it joins the Mississippi River at the city of Cairo, Illinois. A new route was carved to the Mississippi. The Allegheny River, left, and Monongahela River join to form the Ohio River at Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania, the largest metropolitan area on the river. The discovery and traversal of the Ohio River by Europeans admits of several possibilities, all in the latter half of the 17th century. Ohio river on a map. The middle Ohio River formed in a manner similar to formation of the upper Ohio River. The name "Ohio" comes from the Seneca, Ohi:yo', lit. This Ohio River map begins in Pittsburgh, PA (where the Allegheny and Monongahela rivers meet) and ends at Cairo IL. It became a primary transportation route for pioneers during the westward expansion of the early U.S. Beaver Falls, PA 15010. Rhonda Belford, Chairman Ohio River Scenic Byway PO Box 746 Rosiclare, Illinois 62982-0746 The 1768 Treaty of Fort Stanwix opened Kentucky to colonial settlement and established the Ohio River as a southern boundary for American Indian territory. It is one of the tributaries of the Mississippi River which is popular for being the river’s largest tributary by volume. In 1763, following the war, France ceded the area to Britain, and thus to the settlers in the colonies of Britain. Louisville, Kentucky, The deepest point of the Ohio River is a scour hole just below Cannelton locks and dam (river mile 720.7). Use administration and navigation. [22] In 1774 the Quebec Act restored the land east of the Mississippi River and north of the Ohio River to Quebec, in effect making the Ohio the southern boundary of Canada. The Ohio River is a naturally shallow river that was artificially deepened by a series of dams. The Commission also noted mercury pollution as an ongoing concern, citing a 500% increase in mercury discharges between 2007 and 2013. Originally applied just to the Ohio River, the "Pelisipi" name later was variously applied back and forth between the Ohio River and the Clinch River in Virginia and Tennessee. Although such boats cruised on the Ohio River in an oval pattern up and down, the state of Kentucky soon protested. The new large river subsequently drained glacial lakes and melting glaciers at the end of the ice ages. In winter, it regularly freezes over at Pittsburgh but rarely farther south toward Cincinnati and Louisville. In the five centuries before European conquest, the Mississippian culture built numerous regional chiefdoms and major earthwork mounds in the Ohio Valley, such as Angel Mounds near Evansville, Indiana, as well as in the Mississippi Valley and the Southeast. There, some continued on up the Missouri River, some up the Mississippi, and some farther west over land routes. The Ohio River becomes a tributary of the Mississippi River directly south of Cairo, Illinois, a small city on the spit of land where the rivers converge. a) Authority of Lockmasters The lockmaster shall be charged with the immediate control and management of … The river had great significance in the history of the Native Americans, as numerous civilizations formed along its valley. The Ohio River is a climatic transition area, as its water runs along the periphery of the humid continental and humid subtropical climate areas. [33] The Ohio River flow is higher than that of the Mississippi River so hydrologically, the Ohio River is the main stream of the river system. The floodwaters enlarged the small Marietta valley to a size more typical of a large river. Short-lived special purpose forts included Fort Steuben (Ohio), Fort Finney (Indiana), Fort Finney (Ohio) and Fort Gower (Ohio). The need for access to the port of New Orleans by settlers in the Ohio Valley is one of the factors that led to the Louisiana Purchase in 1803. Virginian Englishman Abraham Wood's trans-Appalachian expeditions between 1654 and 1664;[15] Frenchman Robert de La Salle's putative Ohio expedition of 1669;[16] and two expeditions of Virginians sponsored by Colonel Wood: the Batts and Fallam expedition of 1671,[17] and the Needham and Arthur expedition of 1673-74. The south-flowing Marietta River (no longer in existence) ended between the present-day cities. [14] The river formed on a piecemeal basis beginning between 2.5 and 3 million years ago. Ohio River. There are hundreds of other cities, towns, villages and unincorporated populated places on the river, most of them very small. The Commission found that 92% of toxic discharges were nitrates, including farm runoff and waste water from industrial processes like steel production. Along the banks of the Ohio are some of the largest cities in their respective states:[note 1] Pittsburgh, the largest city on the river and second-largest city in Pennsylvania; Cincinnati, the third-largest city in Ohio; Louisville, the largest city in Kentucky; Evansville, the third-largest city in Indiana; Owensboro, the fourth-largest city in Kentucky; and three of the five largest cities in West Virginia—Huntington (second), Parkersburg (fourth), and Wheeling (fifth). For thousands of years, Native Americans used the river as a major transportation and trading route. The Ohio River is a 981-mile (1,579 km) long river in the United States. A north-flowing river was temporarily dammed by natural forces southwest of present-day Louisville, creating a large lake until the dam burst. Indiana's Ohio River Scenic Byway is a winding, hilly route follows the Ohio River. It is available for use “as highway[s] for substantial interstate or foreign commerce” (33 CFR § 2.36). The The bridge had been built in 1929, and by 1967 was carrying too heavy a load for its design. However, the river's deepest point is 168 feet (51 m) on the western side of Louisville, Kentucky. A map of the rapids of the Ohio River and of the countries on each side thereof : so far, as to include the routes contemplated for canal navigation Relief shown by hachures. Because the river is the southern border of Ohio, Indiana, and Illinois, it was part of the border between free states and slave states in the years before the American Civil War. The Ohio's drainage basin covers 189,422 square miles (490,600 km2), encompassing the easternmost regions of the Mississippi Basin. In the early 19th century, river pirates such as Samuel Mason, operating out of Cave-In-Rock, Illinois, waylaid travelers on their way down the river. In his Notes on the State of Virginia published in 1781–82, Thomas Jefferson stated: "The Ohio is the most beautiful river on earth. This provided a much-needed export route for goods from the west, since the trek east over the Appalachian Mountains was long and arduous. The route offers a pleasant escape from suburban concerns as it passes villages, well-kept barns, vineyards, and orchards. Brown, sediment-laden water flowing generally northeast to south from the Ohio River is distinct from the green and relatively sediment-poor water of the Mississippi River (flowing northwest to south). The Falls were a series of rapids where the river dropped 26 feet (7.9 m) in a stretch of about 2 miles (3.2 km). From a geological standpoint, the Ohio River is young. The Ohio River Scenic Byway in Indiana is comprised of the following segments totaling 302.38 miles: From there, it flows northwest through Allegheny and Beaver counties, before making an abrupt turn to the south-southwest at the West Virginia–Ohio–Pennsylvania triple-state line (near East Liverpool, Ohio; Chester, West Virginia; and Ohioville, Pennsylvania). Details Hits: 14354. The lower Ohio River just below Louisville is obstructed by rapids known as the Falls of the Ohio where the water level falls 26 feet (7.9 m) in 2 miles (3.2 km) and is impassible for navigation. This is a complete list of current bridges and other crossings of the Ohio River from the Mississippi River at Cairo, Illinois upstream to the split into the Allegheny and Monongahela Rivers at Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania Ohio River is situated northeast of Birds Point. The Ohio River begins in Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania, at the confluence of the Allegheny and Monongahela rivers and flows southwestward toward the Mississippi River. Its current gentle, waters clear, and bosom smooth and unbroken by rocks and rapids, a single instance only excepted. Searchable listings of Ohio River hotels, motels, resorts, bed & breakfast, and more. 56.5: Significant flooding of California occurs. The lake is within a 3,300-acre county park off Route 50 between Hickory and Avella; go 2.5 miles west of intersection of Routes 18 and 50. 121 Bradys Run Road. Ohio River Major Rivers of the United States Map. + View larger map Big & Little Darby Creeks Direct water travel the length of the river is obstructed by the Falls of the Ohio just below Louisville, Kentucky. [23] However, the Treaty of Paris (1783) gave the entire Ohio Valley to the United States. Many small rivers were altered or abandoned after the upper Ohio River formed. Other cities of interest include Cairo, Illinois, at the confluence of the Ohio with the Mississippi River and the southernmost and westernmost city on the river; Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania, the easternmost city on the river at the head or Forks of the Ohio, where the Allegheny and Monongahela Rivers join to create the Ohio; and Beaver, Pennsylvania, the site of colonial Fort McIntosh and the northernmost city on the river. Includes notes on the width of … The Ohio River is formed by the confluence of the Allegheny and Monongahela rivers at Point State Park in Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania. Its waters connected communities. Most were abandoned by 1800. [4] European discovery of the Ohio River may be attributed to English explorers from Virginia in the latter half of the 17th century. In the early 1980s, the Falls of the Ohio National Wildlife Conservation Area was established at Clarksville, Indiana. Searchable listings of Ohio River hotels, motels, resorts, bed & breakfast, and more. Trading boats and ships traveled south on the Mississippi to New Orleans, and sometimes beyond to the Gulf of Mexico and other ports in the Americas and Europe. The dams raise the water level and have turned the river largely into a series of reservoirs, eliminating shallow stretches and allowing for commercial navigation. Backwater flooding along the Little Miami River affects basements and some first level flooding of businesses and homes, with low-lying areas from California to Newtown also experiencing this flooding. a) Authority of Lockmasters The lockmaster shall be charged with the immediate control and management of … Among rivers wholly or mostly in the United States, it is the second largest by discharge volume, the tenth longest and has the eighth largest drainage basin. From Mapcarta, the free map. The combined Allegheny-Ohio river is 1,310 miles (2,110 km) long and carries the largest volume of water of any tributary of the Mississippi. 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