Each kalpa has 1,000 and each manvantara has 71 chatur-yuga (epoch, a.k.a. James G. Lochtefeld, Guna, in The Illustrated Encyclopedia of Hinduism: A-M, Vol. [22], Prakriti (primal matter) remains mixed for a maha-kalpa (life of Brahma) of 311.04 trillion years, and is followed by a maha-pralaya (great dissolution) of equal length. Therefore You are called unlimited. 300 BCE. [3][4][5][6][7][23][24][25][b], The individual, spiritual jiva-atma (embodied soul) is the life force or consciousness within a living entity. These material elements cover the individual, spiritual jiva-atmas (embodied souls), allowing them to interact with the material sense objects, such as their temporary material bodies, other conscious bodies, and unconscious objects. Composition begins on The Vedas. For example: According to Henry White Wallis, the Rigveda and other Vedic texts are full of alternative cosmological theories and curiosity questions. Hinduism is widely practiced in South Asia mainly in India and Nepal.Hinduism is the oldest religion in the world, and Hindus refer to it as Sanātana Dharma, "the eternal tradition," or the "eternal way," beyond human history. Timeline Search. Hindu Timeline #2 -1000 to 1000-1000: World population is 50 million, doubling every 500 years.-975: King Hiram of Phoenicia, for the sake of King Solomon of Israel, trades with the port of Ophir (Sanskrit: Supara) near modern Bombay, showing the trade between Israel and India. Each universe lasts for 4.32 billion years in a time period called a kalpa or day of Brahma, where the universe … and hymn 10.88 wonders, "how many fires are there, how many suns, how many dawns, how many waters? Hindu Timeline #5 1800ce to the Present and Beyond! The Planck mission has made the most precise map ever of the oldest light from our universe, the cosmic microwave background, harking back to less than 400,000 years after the big bang. A timeline of the universe shows the absolute beginning and the probable end. The current universe is just the start of a present cycle preceded by an infinite number of universes and to be followed by another infinite number of universes. Now, Brahma is the Hindu god,known as the Creator of the universe .One year for Brahma equals 3110.4 billion years.This is the 51st year of Bramha and is the the first time our solar system has emerged in the universe.Humanity marks its first Mahayuga(4.32 billion years). The Rigveda contains the Nasadiya sukta hymn which does not offer a cosmological theory, but asks cosmological questions about the nature of universe and how it began: Darkness there was at first, by darkness hidden; The Hindu cosmology and timeline is the closest to modern scientific timelines and even more which might indicate that the Big Bang is not the beginning of everything,but just the start of the present cycle preceded by an infinite number of universes and to be followed by another infinite number of universes. I am not posing an awkward question for you fathers; I ask you, poets, only to find out? Perhaps it formed itself, or perhaps it did not; It has been compared to a dream or virtual reality, where the viewer (jiva) has real experiences with objects that will eventually become unreal. In 6th century BC Greece, this knowledge is used to predict eclipses. Latest timelines News and Updates, Special Reports, Videos & Photos of timelines on The Hindu. Posted on March 1, 2017 March 1, 2017 by Anciento Geek. Same trade goes back to … And nothing escapes from time. Manifested subtle elements:[16][17][18][a], Manifested physical (gross) elements (a.k.a. Without distinctive marks, this all was water; I am not posing an awkward question for you fathers; I ask you, poets, only to find out? The Timeline of the Universe. Goddess Kali is sometimes referred as the goddess of death. That One by force of heat came into being; Who really knows? However, I am not sure why you have related Archeology and Hinduism timeline. Followers believe the concepts of dharma and karma, and the religion breaks into various denominations, including Shaivism, Vaishnavism, and Shaktism. Hence, inherent in the 'loka' concept in the earliest literature was a double aspect; that is, coexistent with spatiality was a religious or soteriological meaning, which could exist independent of a spatial notion, an 'immaterial' significance. The Indus River Valley civilization develops and flourishes. Hinduism is the term for a wide range of polytheistic Indian traditions with a common pantheon. Whence is this creation? Hindu cosmology is the description of the universe and its states of matter, cycles within time, physical structure, and effects on living entities according to Hindu texts. Only He knows, or perhaps He does not know. by Ryan Turner 03/04/11. Living entities are born in many universes, like mosquitoes in many udumbara (cluster fig) fruits. There are dozens of different Mahapuranas and Upapuranas, each with its own theory integrated into a proposed human history consisting of solar and lunar dynasties. Gods came afterwards, with the creation of this universe. maha-yuga), each with four yugas: Satya Yuga, Treta Yuga, Dvapara Yuga and Kali Yuga. Hindu laws codified. Suggested by saregama Tiger Shroff | I Am A Disco Dancer 2.0 | Benny Dayal | Salim Sulaiman | Bosco | Official Music Video; Song Obsession (Inst) The word Kali has its roots in the Sanskrit word "Kaal" which means time. Language; Watch; Edit; 3114 BC. Whether God's will created it, or whether He was mute; Further divisions of time are a manvantara, each with chatur-yuga (a.k.a. – Existence of the Harappa culture of the Indus River valley c. 2000 B.C. Our universe is described as the smallest with a Brahma of only four heads. Composition of epic poem Ramayana. In 1833, slavery was abolished in British Commonwealth countries. Search through the entire ancient history timeline. c. 400. Each kalpa has 15 sandhya (junctures of great flooding) and 14 manvantara (age of Manu, progenitor of mankind), each manvantara lasting 306.72 million years. Goddess Kali Kali is one of the many forms of Shakti. 1, Rosen Publishing, Alban Widgery (1930), The principles of Hindu Ethics, International Journal of Ethics, Vol. Hinduism … The different schools of thought differ in understanding about the initial event that led to the jivas entering the material creation and the ultimate state of moksha. The Rigveda presents many speculative theories of cosmology. Thus, they formed a Master and slave religion called Hinduism wherein Vaishnavas are Masters and Shaivans are Shudras. It is always all in all things, which are contained as particles in it. Hindu scriptures even talk about Multiverse, which is a serious theory that physicist across the world are trying to understand. Time is infinite with a cyclic universe, where the current universe was preceded and will be followed by an infinite number of universes. However, there are a few cycles of time mentioned in Hinduism, which consists of several iterations of such "Kalpa"-s. First one of them is referred as "One Month of Brahma", which consists of 30 Kalpas and successive dissolution phases. In the Brahmanda Purana, as well as Bhagavata Purana (2.5),[49] fourteen lokas (planes) are described, consist of seven higher (Vyahrtis) and seven lower (Patalas) lokas. Timeline of astronomy. Seventy-one Mahayugas form a Manvantara , a period of time over which a Manu presides. Time is infinite with a cyclic universe, where the current universe was preceded and will be followed by an infinite number of universes. The Àryabhatiya of Àryabhata: The oldest exact astronomical constant? Only He knows, or perhaps He does not know. Also Hindu believe the universe is projected in cycles. Tag: Time. 2, pages 234-237. 1963: Hallucinogenic drug culture arises in US. There are other greater cycles whose lengths are 22.3 Sextillion years, 670 Sextillion years and 201 Septillion years respectively. There are innumerable universes besides this one, and although they are unlimitedly large, they move about like atoms in You. [32][33], Through these interactions, a jiva starts to identify the temporary material body as the true self, and in this way becomes influenced and bound by maya perpetually in a conscious state of nescience (ignorance, unawareness, forgetfulness). Every universe is covered by seven layers — earth, water, fire, air, sky, the total energy and false ego — each ten times greater than the previous one. – Beginning of the creation of the Vedas and the development of Hindu polytheism c. 1250 B.C. Length of a Maha-Kalpa is almost 310 Trillions years. That which, becoming, by the void was covered; Note: The following dates with c. in front of them are rough estimates. Therefore, the entire timeline of Hindu mythologies is just 4500 years because Aryans entered India just 5000 years ago. —The Hindu response to Buddhism and Jainism results in further changes to the main teachings of Hinduism. Brahma’s universe is the medium through which the divine presents itself. And in whose protection?…Who really knows? The concept of four cosmic periods (yuga) is also found in Greek, Roman, Irish and Babylonian mythologies, where each age becomes more sinful and of suffering. 8000 such "Maha-Kalpa"-s form one "Yuga of Brahma", whose length is 2.4 Quintillion years. "[42][43] To its numerous open-ended questions, the Vedic texts present a diversity of thought, in verses imbued with symbols and allegory, where in some cases forces and agencies are clothed with a distinct personality, while in other cases as nature with or without anthropomorphic activity such as forms of mythical sacrifices.[44]. Who then knows whence it has arisen? Despite the name, only Muslim states may form it (Hind is the Persian name for India, from Avestan Hapta Hindu, so "Hindu" is an ethnic identifier, not a religious one. maha-yuga), each lasting 4.32 million years and divided into four yugas (dharmic ages): Satya Yuga, Treta Yuga, Dvapara Yuga and Kali Yuga, of which we are currently in Kali Yuga lasting 432,000 years. The countless universes, each enveloped in its shell, are compelled by the wheel of time to wander within You, like particles of dust blowing about in the sky. 1803: Second Anglo-Maratha war results in British Christian capture of Delhi and control of large parts of India. 585 BC. According to Hindu scriptures like Vedas and Puranas and various mythologies, the universe as we know it is destined to pass through four great epochs. This contrasts with previous non-dualistic Vedanta ideologies that suggest humans should aspire to unite with the gods. Because You are unlimited, neither the lords of heaven nor even You Yourself can ever reach the end of Your glories. The śrutis, following their method of eliminating everything separate from the Supreme, become successful by revealing You as their final conclusion. This kind of Hindu empire was named Aryavarta. -stan means place/land in Persian). He teaches that in order to depend upon—and be acted upon by—the divine, humans must be a completely separate entity. [1] Similarly, the space and universe has neither start nor end, rather it is cyclical. The Rigveda contains the Nasadiya sukta hymn which does not offer a cosmological theory, but asks cosmological questions about the nature of the universe and how it began: Darkness there was at first, by darkness hidden; – Aryan migration into India c. 1500 B.C. The lack of unifying overall religious authority and the total absence of a book claiming supreme truth and dogmas have contributed to the diversity of Hinduism as well. In 1845, the British entered the First Anglo-Sikh War and … https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Hindu_cosmology&oldid=992961635, Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike License, This page was last edited on 8 December 2020, at 01:39. The Rig Vedaquestions the origin of the cosmos in: "Neither being (sat) nor non-being was as yet. Brahma, the first born and secondary creator, during the start of his kalpa, divides the universe, first into three, later into fourteen lokas (planes or realms)—sometimes grouped into heavenly, earthly and hellish planes—and creates the first living entities to multiply and fill the universe. Gods came afterwards, with the creation of this universe. It is fai… Maha Kaali is the fiercest of all goddesses of Hinduism. Such is the pure vacuous space of the Divine understanding, that like an ocean of light, contains these innumerable worlds, which like the countless waves of the sea, are revolving for ever in it. This chart covers 13.8 billion years of space and describes what will probably happen 10 billion years into the future. How old is the universe, and how did it begin? [2] [50][51], However, other Puranas give different version of this cosmology and associated myths. Penguin Books, 1969, p 128 (v 45) and p 269 v.13, CS1 maint: multiple names: authors list (, Krishna, the Beautiful Legend of God, pgs 11-12, and commentary pgs. All universes manifest from the same matter, and so they all follow parallel time cycles, manifesting and unmanifesting at the same time. Similarly, the space and universe has neither start nor end, rather it is cyclical. [3][4][5][6][7], All matter is based on three inert gunas (qualities or tendencies):[8][9][10], There are three states of the gunas that make up all matter in the universe:[8][10][11][12][13], Pradhana, which has no consciousness or will to act on its own, is initially agitated by a primal desire to create. Influenced by the special connotations that a word for space might have for a nomadic people, loka in the Veda did not simply mean place or world, but had a positive valuation: it was a place or position of religious or psychological interest with a special value of function of its own. 1500 BCE. [1][2], Each universe lasts for 4.32 billion years in a time period called a kalpa or day of Brahma, where the universe is created at the start and destroyed at the end, only to be recreated at the start of the next kalpa. The universe (matter) remains manifested for a kalpa (day of Brahma) of 4.32 billion years, and is followed by a pralaya (partial dissolution, a.k.a. Timeline of Hinduism. [52] The Puranas genre of Indian literature, found in Hinduism and Jainism, contain a section on cosmology and cosmogony as a requirement. The Hindu concept of innumerable universes is comparable to the multiverse theory, except nonparallel where individual jiva-atmas (embodied souls) exist in exactly one universe at a time. This graphic of the timeline was created by Martin Vargic, Slovak graphic designer. Evidence of early Hindu practice is archaeologically dated to this vanished culture c. 200. [2] Yet it started the first time when Brahma did create the universe. In Hinduism, a Kalpa is indicative for creation and dissolution of a universe. The jivas are not created, and are distinctly different from the created unconscious matter. Whence … Timeline: Early History of Hinduism . The manifest material elements (matter) range from the most subtle to the most physical (gross). 1600-1200 BCE: The Aryans are said to invade southern Asia in about 1600 BCE, which would have a lasting influence on Hinduism. [53][54] According to Annette Wilke and Oliver Moebus, the diversity of cosmology theories in Hinduism may reflect its tendency to not reject new ideas and empirical observations as they became available, but to adapt and integrate them creatively.[55]. Time is divided into four ages – Krita Yuga , Treta Yuga , Dvapara Yuga and Kali Yuga – collectively forming one Maha Yuga . One cosmology, shared by Hindu, Buddhist and Jain texts involves Mount Meru, with stars and sun moving around it using Dhruva (North Star) as the focal reference. The Rigveda, composed between 1500 to 1200 BCE, presents many theories of cosmology. May 15, 2018 - Explore Nithya Kalyanananda's board "Family Tree of Hinduism", followed by 133 people on Pinterest. - Rig Veda hymns composed c. 800 – 500 B.C. Saraswati is considered as the divine consort of Lord Brahma, the Creator of the universe in the Hindu Religion. Thales of Miletus predicts a solar eclipse. Who will here proclaim it? That which, becoming, by the void was covered; Who will here proclaim it? A rich geography, many languages and dialects, lots of different creeds, racial diversity, all these elements have shaped Hinduism and made it so heterogenic. Without distinctive marks, this all was water; The most common cosmological conception of lokas in the Veda was that of the trailokya or triple world: three worlds consisting of earth, atmosphere or sky, and heaven, making up the universe. Who can declare it? Some are similar to Indo-European creation myths, while others are novel. Whence was it produced? The Hindu texts describe innumerable universes existing all at the same time, some larger than others, each with its own Brahma administrator with a comparable number of heads. This conscious state of nescience leads to samsara (cycle of reincarnation), only to end for a jiva when moksha (liberation) is achieved through self-realization or remembrance of one's true spiritual self/nature.[34][35][36][37][38]. 1803: India's population is 200 million. Timeline of the Universe. Axel Michaels (2003), Notions of Nature in Traditional Hinduism, Environment across Cultures, Springer, Maharishi Mahesh Yogi on the Bhagavad-Gita, a New Translation and Commentary, Chapter 1-6. Who then knows whence it has arisen? For example: According to Henry White Wallis, the Rigveda and other Vedic texts are full of alternate cosmological theories and curiosity questions. That One by force of heat came into being; 100 such years of "Brahma" is called as a "Maha-Kalpa". Only He who is its overseer in highest heaven knows, 40, No. This occurred around 4500 years ago. Scholars regard Hinduism as a combination of different Indian cultures and traditions, with diverse roots. [Source], Rigveda: speculation on universe's creation, Learn how and when to remove these template messages, Learn how and when to remove this template message, The universe created & destroyed in a breath of Maha Vishnu - from Srimad Bhagavatam, A Detailed History of Time - From Multiverse to Quantum, https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Hindu_cycle_of_the_universe&oldid=991732309, Articles that may contain original research from August 2010, All articles that may contain original research, Articles needing additional references from March 2015, All articles needing additional references, Articles with multiple maintenance issues, Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike License, This page was last edited on 1 December 2020, at 15:10. The Basis:Time. This material covering of matter allows the jivas to interact with the material sense objects that make up the material universe, such as their temporary material bodies, other conscious bodies, and unconscious objects. Articles on timelines, Complete Coverage on timelines Who can count the Indras in them all--those Indras side by side, who reign at once in all the innumerable worlds; those others who passed away before them; or even the Indras who succeed each other in any given line, ascending to godly kingship, one by one, and, one by one, passing away. The Hindu timeline is considered by some to be the closest to modern scientific timelines.It suggests that the Big Bang is not the beginning of everything, but is just the start of a present cycle preceded by an infinite number of universes and to … The different schools of thought differ in understanding about the ultimate source of that desire and what the gunas are mixed with (eternal elements, time, jiva-atmas).[14][15]. The Universe is said to have emerged from the cosmic sound “Om”.It has since been expanding.However,the expansion is to turn into contraction leading to the annihilation of the universe,spanning over billions of years.This is nothing new to the Universe and will continue to … In each cycle, this Manu is the first man and also the first king and lawgiver. Hinduism is not only a religion but also a way of life. Whence is this creation? Kalpa '' is called as a combination of different Indian cultures and traditions, diverse... Kali Kali is one of the many forms of Shakti timelines on Hindu. 15, 2018 - Explore Nithya Kalyanananda 's board `` Family Tree Hinduism... The first king and lawgiver beginning and the development of Hindu Ethics Vol... And Updates, Special Reports, Videos & Photos of timelines on the Hindu religion Hinduism is not a. Each jiva 's karma and impressions was abolished in British Commonwealth countries of Shakti astronomers. 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